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Vliv investic do dálniční infrastruktury na socioekonomické ukazatele vybraného regionu
Kučera, Štěpán
Kučera, Š. The impact of state investments in highway infrastructure on socio-economic indicators of a selected region. Master thesis. Brno: Mendel University in Brno, 2023. The thesis focuses on the identification of the impact of state investments in highway infrastructure on selected socio-economic indicators. The variables examined include unemployment rate, number of companies by number of employees, housing construction and total population growth. The thesis focuses on the assessment of the impact of the implementation of the D1 highway section, which connects the capital city of Prague and the regional city of Hradec Králové. Based on theoretical assumptions, the thesis uses a difference-in-differences method, which is combined with a synthetic control method with panel regression techniques. The empirical analysis focuses on assessing the impact of highway construction on the dynamics of selected socio-economic indicators within the region, which includes six municipalities with extended jurisdiction, and data are examined with an annual frequency from 2002 to 2021. The results suggest that the implementation of highway infrastructure as part of state investment does not automatically confer a competitive advantage and economic growth, as would be expected from initial assumptions.
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The effect of constant temperature and moisture to house dust mites Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and Dermatophagoides farinae
Gajdová, Tereza ; Hubert, Jan (advisor) ; Žůrek, Luděk (referee)
House dust mites Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and Dermatophagoides farinae inhabit house dust worldwide. These commensals are for humans harmful especially as producers of many allergens. According to Klimov-OConnor's hypothesis, these mites had a parasitic ancestor who had evolved into a free-living form during the evolution. This thesis focuses on another possible aspect of this transition: it compares optimal hygrothermal conditions for development, reproduction, and population growth of Dermatophagoides dust mites with those which are preferred by the house dust mite's related - parasitic genera Sarcoptes and Psoroptes. Since all these three genera are closely related, it was analyzed whether their hygrothermal preferences would be similar in any respect. However, the results of this literature review suggest that dust mites - compared to their parasitic relatives - prefer combinations of lower temperatures and humidity. Like the representatives of the convergent group of storage mites - e. g. Tyrophagus putrescentiae and Acarus siro. Apart from the comparison of the preferred conditions of previously mentioned genera, this thesis also presents a summary of the effect of different combinations of temperatures and humidity on the duration of development, fecundity, and the population growth of...
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The effect of constant temperature and moisture to house dust mites Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and Dermatophagoides farinae
Gajdová, Tereza ; Hubert, Jan (advisor) ; Žůrek, Luděk (referee)
House dust mites Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and Dermatophagoides farinae inhabit house dust worldwide. These commensals are for humans harmful especially as producers of many allergens. According to Klimov-OConnor's hypothesis, these mites had a parasitic ancestor who had evolved into a free-living form during the evolution. This thesis focuses on another possible aspect of this transition: it compares optimal hygrothermal conditions for development, reproduction, and population growth of Dermatophagoides dust mites with those which are preferred by the house dust mite's related - parasitic genera Sarcoptes and Psoroptes. Since all these three genera are closely related, it was analyzed whether their hygrothermal preferences would be similar in any respect. However, the results of this literature review suggest that dust mites - compared to their parasitic relatives - prefer combinations of lower temperatures and humidity. Like the representatives of the convergent group of storage mites - e. g. Tyrophagus putrescentiae and Acarus siro. Apart from the comparison of the preferred conditions of previously mentioned genera, this thesis also presents a summary of the effect of different combinations of temperatures and humidity on the duration of development, fecundity, and the population growth of...
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Population development and emigration of Maghreb's countries
Vokatá, Petra ; Kocourková, Jiřina (advisor) ; Kalibová, Květa (referee)
Population development and emigration of Maghreb's countries Abstract The main aim of diploma thesis is to map the migratory situation and trends of all area since 1990 up to the present in context of the population development in region of Maghreb's countries. This all is in connection with the population growth of the states - natural and total. Apart from the analysis of the whole Maghreb as one unit, the demographic parameters are in detail assessed on the example Tunisia. It is estimated that migratory streams of the inhabitants of North Africa's countries are largely directed to Europe. The analasis is focused on the breakdown of the target countries, emigrants and on changes during the reporting period. The analasis uses conventional demographic indicators, its own methods of processing often difficult available data at the same time and empirical investigation. The initial basis of analyzing given issues show the theoretical conception of population development in Arabic countries, with emphasis on demographic transition and dependent migratory transition. Analysis revealed that none of Maghreb's countries has not yet completed demographic transition, the second stage of the demographic transition since 2000 suspended. Keywords: migration, migratory trends, population development, population growth,...
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Analysis of Old-ahe pension schemes
Veverková, Jana ; Mlčoch, Lubomír (advisor) ; Schneider, Ondřej (referee)
Master Thesis Analysis of Old-age Pension Schemes provides comparison of pay-as-you-go system and funding pensions from the theoretical point of view. Comparison is made assuming constant population and population under demographic crisis as well. Next issue is a demographic development of the Czech republic. The thesis answers the question whether demographic crisis in the Czech republic occurs. The last part of the thesis analyses the current pension system of the Czech republic assuming analysed development of population growth.
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Economic consequences of China's One-child policy
Letko, Roman ; Bartůsková, Lucia (advisor) ; Pavlíček, Tomáš (referee)
The objective of this diploma thesis is to describe and to complexly evaluate Chinas one child policy from its introduction in 1979 till its abandonment in 2015. Theoretical part of thesis offers a detailed description of the policy, its application in real life, circumstances and aims that led to the implementation of the policy. Applied part of thesis analyses its effect on the fertility rate, population growth and economic growth. According to the results of this analysis one child policy helped to decline Chinas fertility rate and population growth, however its impact is just partial. The decline of Chinese population growth then contributed to the economic growth; my estimate is that it composed 40 % of average annual growth of real GDP per capita. One child policy is also responsible for raising sex ratio and ageing of population in China. These demographic problems let to its replacement by two child policy that probably wont solve these problems.
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Barriers of Development in Ethiopia: Structural Conditions and Strategies for Adaptation
Kuzmič, Michal ; Pavlík, Petr (advisor) ; Jeníček, Vladimír (referee)
The diploma thesis titled Barriers of Development in Ethiopia: Structural Conditions and Strategies for Adaptation is focused on analysis of environmental risk factors and their impact on economic development of Ethiopia. It further evaluates the effectiveness of concrete adaptation measures on both official policy level and community level. The thesis departs from refined version of Jared Diamond's five point framework for analysis of collapse of complex societies. Contemporary scholarly discourse of rapid population growth, deforestation & land degradation and climate variability is formalized into causal schemes and supported by current statistical data. The thesis concludes that adopted measures have had only limited effect on elimination of the respective risk factors. Thus, Ethiopia remains a long-term recipient of foreign humanitarian assistance, without which it would fall into state of economic collapse. To overcome this situation Ethiopia needs to transform its subsistence agricultural production system.
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Economic aspects of the global population development in the eyes of proponents and critics of TR Malthus
Zelinka, Jan ; Štekláč, Jiří (advisor) ; Maialeh, Robin (referee)
Discussions regarding resources depletion and populations are currently at the forefront of society. Against each other are standing groups of supporters and groups of critics of Thomas Malthus. The objective of this thesis is economic analysis of threats and benefits of the current population development with regard to theories of both groups. To the solution is used statistical data of the World Bank, through which it assesses the situation in selected countries and in the world. Nowadays dominates critic's opinions rather, which are pointing to the improving condition of the planet. Population growth has slowed down in recent years and the population is close to its peak, which would open possibilities for increasing human capital, which is the most important resource that we have. Ensuring the growth of human capital has the potential to provide solving future problems related to the lack of existing natural resources.
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Global Population Problem
Papežová, Zuzana ; Jeníček, Vladimír (advisor) ; Janković, Vukica (referee)
Bachelor thesis titled Global Population Problem is focused on a group of global problems, which mainly arises from the adverse demographic development on Earth. The aim of this work is to describe the basic demographic trends affecting the formation and existence of the global population problem. It also gives evaluation and suggestions of current and future solutions to this problem. Characterization of demographic indicators and their changes over time with an emphasis on both the average and extreme values and analysis of solutions of selected sub-part of the problem were used as a method. Based on the information, it is possible to identify the main problems and analyze possible solutions. The first problem is the rapid population growth, when the number of people on the planet could more than double by the end of the century. Furthermore, the asymmetry of this growth, with the largest share of the population explosion to the poorest regions, whose young age structure prevents the stabilization of population growth in short term. Also the European continent is affected by the population aging, which causes the gradual extinction of the local peoples. There is no comprehensive solution to these problems. Nevertheless, partial steps will gradually improve the situation and may achieve some improvements.
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Process of demographic reproduction of population in EU and its economical and social impacts
Chroboček, Jakub ; Vošta, Milan (advisor) ; Jeníček, Vladimír (referee)
The main purpose of this thesis is to reveal the economic and social impacts of demographic development in European union. In chapter one basic demographic terms and theories which are connected to current and future situation in the area of development of natality, mortality and their result natural growth of population are described. In the second part of this thesis basic demographic data in areas of natality, mortality and growth of population are explored. Last chapter contains the information about projections of economic implication on the fiscal stability of government budget, implications for individuals and also social implications of current and future demographic development.
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